Summary of changes

Rule 702 — Testimony by expert witnesses

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The text as it stood in the last Manual for Courts-Martial edition beside the current text, provision by provision, with every recorded amendment and the authority behind it — the whole Rule in one view.

2 amended 0 added 0 removed 3 unchanged 2 authority-backed edits · recorded 2026-07-01 – 2026-07-01
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Provisions
702 amended
Version history
Original text
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if:
Current text
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if the proponent demonstrates to the court that it is more likely than not that:
All changes since the original (removed / added)
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if:if the proponent demonstrates to the court that it is more likely than not that:
Step-by-step: 1 recorded edit
VersionDateAuthorityNoteEditor
v2 2026-07-01 2023 Amendments to Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE amendment, eff. 2025-06-01) admin
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if:if the proponent demonstrates to the court that it is more likely than not that:
702(d) amended
Version history
Original text
the expert has reliably applied the principles and methods to the facts of the case.
Current text
the expert’s opinion reflects a reliable application of the principles and methods to the facts of the case.
All changes since the original (removed / added)
the expertexpert’s hasopinion reliablyreflects applieda reliable application of the principles and methods to the facts of the case.
Step-by-step: 1 recorded edit
VersionDateAuthorityNoteEditor
v2 2026-07-01 2023 Amendments to Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE amendment, eff. 2025-06-01) admin
the expertexpert’s hasopinion reliablyreflects applieda reliable application of the principles and methods to the facts of the case.

“Original text” is the state captured the first time a provision was edited under change tracking — i.e. the text as published in the last Manual for Courts-Martial edition. Provisions edited without being “marked as changed” (typos, formatting) are not recorded here; see the recent revisions feed and the site-wide changes log.